""" OP_CAT-Enabled IPFS Data Flow Patterns ====================================== This module defines comprehensive data flow patterns for integrating Bitcoin's OP_CAT operations with Starlight's IPFS content addressing and verification systems. Author: Starlight Engineering Team Version: 1.0 Date: 2026-02-06 """ import json import hashlib import base64 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Any, Union, Tuple from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict from enum import Enum from datetime import datetime class DataFlowStage(Enum): """Data flow processing stages.""" CONTENT_INGESTION = "content_ingestion" OP_CAT_PROCESSING = "op_cat_processing" HASH_GENERATION = "hash_generation" IPFS_ADDRESSING = "ipfs_addressing" BITCOIN_BINDING = "bitcoin_binding" VALIDATION = "validation" VERIFICATION = "verification" class ProcessingState(Enum): """Processing state enumeration.""" PENDING = "pending" IN_PROGRESS = "in_progress" COMPLETED = "completed" FAILED = "failed" RETRY_REQUIRED = "retry_required" @dataclass class DataFlowPacket: """Represents a data packet flowing through the system.""" packet_id: str content: bytes metadata: Dict[str, Any] processing_stage: DataFlowStage processing_state: ProcessingState op_cat_operations: List[str] timestamps: Dict[str, str] verification_data: Dict[str, Any] def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Convert packet to dictionary for serialization.""" return { **asdict(self), "content": base64.b64encode(self.content).decode(), "processing_stage": self.processing_stage.value, "processing_state": self.processing_state.value, "timestamps": self.timestamps, "verification_data": self.verification_data } @classmethod def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> 'DataFlowPacket': """Create packet from dictionary.""" content = base64.b64decode(data.pop("content")) data["content"] = content data["processing_stage"] = DataFlowStage(data["processing_stage"]) data["processing_state"] = ProcessingState(data["processing_state"]) return cls(**data) class OPCATDataFlowProcessor: """Main processor for OP_CAT-enabled IPFS data flows.""" def __init__(self): self.active_flows: Dict[str, DataFlowPacket] = {} self.completed_flows: Dict[str, DataFlowPacket] = {} self.failed_flows: Dict[str, DataFlowPacket] = {} self.flow_metrics = { "total_processed": 0, "successful_flows": 0, "failed_flows": 0, "average_processing_time": 0.0 } def create_flow_packet(self, content: bytes, metadata: Dict[str, Any]) -> str: """Create a new data flow packet.""" packet_id = hashlib.sha256( content + str(datetime.now()).encode() ).hexdigest()[:16] packet = DataFlowPacket( packet_id=packet_id, content=content, metadata=metadata, processing_stage=DataFlowStage.CONTENT_INGESTION, processing_state=ProcessingState.PENDING, op_cat_operations=[], timestamps={ "created": datetime.utcnow().isoformat(), "last_updated": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() }, verification_data={} ) self.active_flows[packet_id] = packet return packet_id def process_content_ingestion(self, packet_id: str) -> bool: """Process content ingestion stage.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return False packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] packet.processing_stage = DataFlowStage.CONTENT_INGESTION packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.IN_PROGRESS try: # Validate content size (520 byte limit for OP_CAT compatibility) if len(packet.content) > 520: # Split content into chunks packet.metadata["chunks"] = self._split_content(packet.content) packet.metadata["is_chunked"] = True # Generate initial content hash content_hash = hashlib.sha256(packet.content).hexdigest() packet.verification_data["content_hash"] = content_hash packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.COMPLETED packet.timestamps["content_ingestion_completed"] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat() return True except Exception as e: packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.FAILED packet.metadata["error"] = str(e) return False def process_op_cat_operations(self, packet_id: str, operations: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> bool: """Process OP_CAT operations stage.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return False packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] packet.processing_stage = DataFlowStage.OP_CAT_PROCESSING packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.IN_PROGRESS try: results = [] for op_config in operations: op_result = self._execute_op_cat_operation(packet, op_config) results.append(op_result) packet.op_cat_operations.append(op_result["operation_id"]) packet.verification_data["op_cat_results"] = results packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.COMPLETED packet.timestamps["op_cat_processing_completed"] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat() return True except Exception as e: packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.FAILED packet.metadata["error"] = str(e) return False def _execute_op_cat_operation(self, packet: DataFlowPacket, operation: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Execute a single OP_CAT operation.""" op_type = operation.get("type", "concat") elements = operation.get("elements", []) if op_type == "content_concat": # Concatenate content with additional data additional_data = operation.get("data", b"") result = packet.content + additional_data elif op_type == "hash_chain": # Create hash chain with OP_CAT current_hash = hashlib.sha256(packet.content).digest() for element in elements: current_hash = hashlib.sha256( current_hash + element.encode() if isinstance(element, str) else element ).digest() result = current_hash elif op_type == "merkle_proof": # Generate Merkle proof using OP_CAT operations leaf_hash = hashlib.sha256(packet.content).digest() result = self._generate_merkle_proof(leaf_hash, elements) elif op_type == "script_introspection": # Simulate script introspection with OP_CAT script_data = operation.get("script_data", b"") result = packet.content + script_data else: raise ValueError(f"Unsupported OP_CAT operation type: {op_type}") # Ensure result fits within 520 byte limit if len(result) > 520: result = result[:520] # Truncate for compatibility operation_id = f"{packet.packet_id}_{op_type}_{len(packet.op_cat_operations)}" return { "operation_id": operation_id, "operation_type": op_type, "result_hash": hashlib.sha256(result).hexdigest(), "result_size": len(result), "result_data": base64.b64encode(result).decode(), "timestamp": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() } def _generate_merkle_proof(self, leaf_hash: bytes, siblings: List[bytes]) -> bytes: """Generate Merkle proof using concatenated siblings.""" current = leaf_hash for sibling in siblings: current = hashlib.sha256(current + sibling).digest() return current def _split_content(self, content: bytes, chunk_size: int = 512) -> List[str]: """Split content into OP_CAT-compatible chunks.""" chunks = [] for i in range(0, len(content), chunk_size): chunk = content[i:i + chunk_size] chunks.append(base64.b64encode(chunk).decode()) return chunks def process_hash_generation(self, packet_id: str) -> bool: """Process hash generation stage.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return False packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] packet.processing_stage = DataFlowStage.HASH_GENERATION packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.IN_PROGRESS try: # Generate composite hash including OP_CAT results composite_data = packet.content if "op_cat_results" in packet.verification_data: for result in packet.verification_data["op_cat_results"]: result_data = base64.b64decode(result["result_data"]) composite_data += result_data # Generate final content address hash final_hash = hashlib.sha256(composite_data).hexdigest() packet.verification_data["composite_hash"] = final_hash packet.verification_data["composite_data_size"] = len(composite_data) packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.COMPLETED packet.timestamps["hash_generation_completed"] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat() return True except Exception as e: packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.FAILED packet.metadata["error"] = str(e) return False def process_ipfs_addressing(self, packet_id: str) -> bool: """Process IPFS addressing stage.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return False packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] packet.processing_stage = DataFlowStage.IPFS_ADDRESSING packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.IN_PROGRESS try: # Generate IPFS CID from composite hash composite_hash = packet.verification_data.get("composite_hash") if not composite_hash: raise ValueError("Composite hash not available") # Simplified CID generation (in practice, use proper CID libraries) hash_bytes = bytes.fromhex(composite_hash) cid = base64.b32encode(hash_bytes).decode('ascii').lower().rstrip('=') ipfs_cid = f"bafy{cid}" packet.verification_data["ipfs_cid"] = ipfs_cid packet.verification_data["cid_version"] = "1" packet.verification_data["codec"] = "raw" packet.verification_data["multihash"] = composite_hash packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.COMPLETED packet.timestamps["ipfs_addressing_completed"] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat() return True except Exception as e: packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.FAILED packet.metadata["error"] = str(e) return False def process_bitcoin_binding(self, packet_id: str, covenant_config: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool: """Process Bitcoin covenant binding stage.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return False packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] packet.processing_stage = DataFlowStage.BITCOIN_BINDING packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.IN_PROGRESS try: ipfs_cid = packet.verification_data.get("ipfs_cid") if not ipfs_cid: raise ValueError("IPFS CID not available") # Create Bitcoin script with OP_CAT operations script_elements = [ "OP_TOALTSTACK", f"OP_PUSHBYTES_{len(ipfs_cid.encode())}:{ipfs_cid}", ] # Add OP_CAT operations from the packet for op_id in packet.op_cat_operations: script_elements.extend([ f"OP_CAT_{op_id}", "OP_FROMALTSTACK", "OP_EQUALVERIFY" ]) # Add final covenant validation covenant_script = covenant_config.get("validation_script", "OP_CHECKSIG") script_elements.append(covenant_script) # Generate Bitcoin script bitcoin_script = " ".join(script_elements) # Create covenant specification covenant_spec = { "covenant_id": f"covenant_{packet.packet_id}", "ipfs_cid": ipfs_cid, "bitcoin_script": bitcoin_script, "cat_operations": packet.op_cat_operations, "spending_conditions": covenant_config.get("spending_conditions", {}), "validation_requirements": covenant_config.get("validation_requirements", []) } packet.verification_data["bitcoin_covenant"] = covenant_spec packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.COMPLETED packet.timestamps["bitcoin_binding_completed"] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat() return True except Exception as e: packet.processing_state = ProcessingState.FAILED packet.metadata["error"] = str(e) return False def complete_flow(self, packet_id: str) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Complete the data flow and return final results.""" if packet_id not in self.active_flows: return {"success": False, "error": "Packet not found"} packet = self.active_flows[packet_id] if packet.processing_state != ProcessingState.COMPLETED: return {"success": False, "error": "Packet processing not completed"} # Move to completed flows self.completed_flows[packet_id] = packet del self.active_flows[packet_id] # Update metrics self.flow_metrics["total_processed"] += 1 self.flow_metrics["successful_flows"] += 1 return { "success": True, "packet_id": packet_id, "ipfs_cid": packet.verification_data.get("ipfs_cid"), "bitcoin_covenant": packet.verification_data.get("bitcoin_covenant"), "processing_time": self._calculate_processing_time(packet), "verification_data": packet.verification_data } def _calculate_processing_time(self, packet: DataFlowPacket) -> float: """Calculate total processing time for a packet.""" created = datetime.fromisoformat(packet.timestamps["created"]) last_updated = datetime.fromisoformat(packet.timestamps["last_updated"]) return (last_updated - created).total_seconds() class DataFlowOrchestrator: """Orchestrates multiple data flows and manages workflow patterns.""" def __init__(self): self.processor = OPCATDataFlowProcessor() self.workflow_patterns: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {} self.active_workflows: Dict[str, List[str]] = {} def register_workflow_pattern(self, pattern_name: str, workflow_config: Dict[str, Any]) -> None: """Register a workflow pattern for reuse.""" self.workflow_patterns[pattern_name] = workflow_config def execute_workflow_pattern(self, pattern_name: str, content: bytes, metadata: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Execute a registered workflow pattern.""" if pattern_name not in self.workflow_patterns: return {"success": False, "error": "Pattern not found"} pattern = self.workflow_patterns[pattern_name] workflow_id = hashlib.sha256( content + pattern_name.encode() + str(datetime.now()).encode() ).hexdigest()[:16] # Create initial packet packet_id = self.processor.create_flow_packet(content, metadata) self.active_workflows[workflow_id] = [packet_id] # Execute workflow stages try: # Stage 1: Content ingestion if not self.processor.process_content_ingestion(packet_id): raise Exception("Content ingestion failed") # Stage 2: OP_CAT operations op_operations = pattern.get("op_cat_operations", []) if not self.processor.process_op_cat_operations(packet_id, op_operations): raise Exception("OP_CAT processing failed") # Stage 3: Hash generation if not self.processor.process_hash_generation(packet_id): raise Exception("Hash generation failed") # Stage 4: IPFS addressing if not self.processor.process_ipfs_addressing(packet_id): raise Exception("IPFS addressing failed") # Stage 5: Bitcoin binding (optional) covenant_config = pattern.get("bitcoin_covenant") if covenant_config: if not self.processor.process_bitcoin_binding(packet_id, covenant_config): raise Exception("Bitcoin binding failed") # Complete workflow result = self.processor.complete_flow(packet_id) return { "success": True, "workflow_id": workflow_id, "packet_id": packet_id, "pattern_name": pattern_name, "result": result } except Exception as e: return { "success": False, "workflow_id": workflow_id, "error": str(e), "packet_id": packet_id } # Predefined workflow patterns STANDARD_WORKFLOWS = { "content_addressing_with_covenant": { "op_cat_operations": [ { "type": "content_concat", "data": b"STARLIGHT_OP_CAT", "elements": [] }, { "type": "hash_chain", "elements": ["validation", "covenant"] } ], "bitcoin_covenant": { "validation_script": "OP_CHECKSIG", "spending_conditions": { "requires_ipfs_reference": True, "op_cat_validation": True } } }, "merkle_proof_verification": { "op_cat_operations": [ { "type": "merkle_proof", "elements": [b"sibling1", b"sibling2", b"sibling3"] } ] }, "script_introspection_pattern": { "op_cat_operations": [ { "type": "script_introspection", "script_data": b"COVENANT_CONTEXT" } ], "bitcoin_covenant": { "validation_script": "OP_CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFY", "spending_conditions": { "template_enforcement": True } } } } # Example usage and test def test_data_flow_patterns(): """Test the data flow patterns.""" orchestrator = DataFlowOrchestrator() # Register standard workflows for pattern_name, pattern_config in STANDARD_WORKFLOWS.items(): orchestrator.register_workflow_pattern(pattern_name, pattern_config) # Test content addressing workflow test_content = b"Test content for OP_CAT integration" test_metadata = {"source": "test", "version": "1.0"} result = orchestrator.execute_workflow_pattern( "content_addressing_with_covenant", test_content, test_metadata ) return result if __name__ == "__main__": test_result = test_data_flow_patterns() print(json.dumps(test_result, indent=2))