""" Starlight IPFS Architecture for OP_CAT Integration ================================================ This module defines the enhanced system architecture for integrating Bitcoin's OP_CAT operation with Starlight's IPFS implementation for advanced content addressing. Author: Starlight Engineering Team Version: 1.0 Date: 2026-02-06 """ import json import hashlib import base64 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Any, Union from dataclasses import dataclass from enum import Enum class OperationType(Enum): """OP_CAT operation types for IPFS integration.""" CONTENT_CONCAT = "content_concat" HASH_CHAIN = "hash_chain" MERKLE_PROOF = "merkle_proof" SCRIPT_INTROSPECTION = "script_introspection" COVENANT_BINDING = "covenant_binding" class StackElementType(Enum): """Bitcoin stack element types.""" BYTE_DATA = "byte_data" HASH = "hash" SIGNATURE = "signature" PUBLIC_KEY = "public_key" SCRIPT = "script" @dataclass class StackElement: """Represents a Bitcoin stack element.""" data: bytes element_type: StackElementType size_limit: int = 520 # Tapscript stack element limit def __post_init__(self): if len(self.data) > self.size_limit: raise ValueError(f"Stack element exceeds {self.size_limit} bytes") def to_hex(self) -> str: return self.data.hex() @classmethod def from_hex(cls, hex_str: str, element_type: StackElementType) -> 'StackElement': return cls(bytes.fromhex(hex_str), element_type) @dataclass class OPCATOperation: """Defines an OP_CAT operation for IPFS processing.""" operation_id: str op_type: OperationType input_elements: List[StackElement] expected_output: Optional[bytes] = None validation_script: Optional[str] = None def execute_cat(self) -> StackElement: """Execute OP_CAT concatenation on input elements.""" if len(self.input_elements) < 2: raise ValueError("OP_CAT requires at least 2 input elements") # Concatenate all input elements concatenated_data = b''.join([elem.data for elem in self.input_elements]) # Verify size limit if len(concatenated_data) > 520: raise ValueError("Concatenated result exceeds 520 byte limit") result = StackElement(concatenated_data, StackElementType.BYTE_DATA) # Validate against expected output if provided if self.expected_output and result.data != self.expected_output: raise ValueError("Concatenation result doesn't match expected output") return result class IPFSContentAddressing: """Enhanced IPFS content addressing with OP_CAT support.""" def __init__(self): self.op_registry: Dict[str, OPCATOperation] = {} self.content_cache: Dict[str, bytes] = {} def create_cat_operation(self, operation_id: str, op_type: OperationType, elements: List[Union[str, bytes]], element_types: List[StackElementType]) -> str: """Create and register an OP_CAT operation.""" # Convert elements to StackElements stack_elements = [] for elem, elem_type in zip(elements, element_types): if isinstance(elem, str): data = bytes.fromhex(elem) if elem.startswith('0x') else elem.encode() else: data = elem stack_elements.append(StackElement(data, elem_type)) operation = OPCATOperation( operation_id=operation_id, op_type=op_type, input_elements=stack_elements ) self.op_registry[operation_id] = operation return operation_id def execute_operation(self, operation_id: str) -> StackElement: """Execute a registered OP_CAT operation.""" if operation_id not in self.op_registry: raise ValueError(f"Operation {operation_id} not found") operation = self.op_registry[operation_id] return operation.execute_cat() def generate_ipfs_cid_with_cat(self, content: bytes, cat_operations: List[str]) -> str: """Generate IPFS CID with OP_CAT verification embedded.""" # Execute all OP_CAT operations cat_results = [] for op_id in cat_operations: result = self.execute_operation(op_id) cat_results.append(result.data) # Combine original content with CAT results enhanced_content = content + b''.join(cat_results) # Generate IPFS CID (simplified CID generation) content_hash = hashlib.sha256(enhanced_content).digest() cid = base64.b32encode(content_hash).decode('ascii').lower().rstrip('=') # Store in cache self.content_cache[cid] = enhanced_content return f"bafy{cid}" @dataclass class CovenantSpec: """Specification for Bitcoin covenants using OP_CAT.""" covenant_id: str spending_conditions: Dict[str, Any] cat_constraints: List[str] validation_script: str ipfs_reference: Optional[str] = None class BitcoinScriptIntegration: """Integration layer for Bitcoin script operations.""" def __init__(self, ipfs_addressing: IPFSContentAddressing): self.ipfs = ipfs_addressing self.covenants: Dict[str, CovenantSpec] = {} def create_covenant_script(self, covenant_spec: CovenantSpec) -> str: """Create Bitcoin script with OP_CAT operations.""" script_elements = [ "OP_TOALTSTACK", # Move covenant context to altstack ] # Add OP_CAT operations for constraint validation for constraint in covenant_spec.cat_constraints: script_elements.extend([ f"OP_CAT_{constraint}", "OP_FROMALTSTACK", "OP_EQUALVERIFY" ]) # Add final spending condition check script_elements.append(covenant_spec.validation_script) # Combine into single script script = " ".join(script_elements) # Register covenant self.covenants[covenant_spec.covenant_id] = covenant_spec return script def validate_transaction_with_covenant(self, tx_data: bytes, covenant_id: str) -> bool: """Validate transaction using covenant with OP_CAT.""" if covenant_id not in self.covenants: return False covenant = self.covenants[covenant_id] # Create OP_CAT operations for transaction introspection tx_hash = hashlib.sha256(tx_data).digest() # Simulate script execution with OP_CAT try: # Create CAT operation for transaction hash validation op_id = self.ipfs.create_cat_operation( f"tx_{covenant_id}", OperationType.SCRIPT_INTROSPECTION, [tx_hash.hex(), covenant.spending_conditions.get('expected_hash', '')], [StackElementType.HASH, StackElementType.HASH] ) # Execute operation result = self.ipfs.execute_operation(op_id) # Validate result expected_result = covenant.spending_conditions.get('validation_result') if expected_result: return result.data.hex() == expected_result return True except Exception: return False class StarlightArchitecture: """Main architecture orchestrator for Starlight OP_CAT integration.""" def __init__(self): self.ipfs = IPFSContentAddressing() self.bitcoin = BitcoinScriptIntegration(self.ipfs) self.operation_log: List[Dict[str, Any]] = [] def process_content_with_opcat(self, content: bytes, operations_config: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Process content through OP_CAT operations and return enhanced IPFS reference.""" operation_ids = [] # Create OP_CAT operations based on configuration for op_config in operations_config.get('operations', []): op_id = self.ipfs.create_cat_operation( op_config['id'], OperationType(op_config['type']), op_config['elements'], [StackElementType(t) for t in op_config['element_types']] ) operation_ids.append(op_id) # Generate enhanced IPFS CID cid = self.ipfs.generate_ipfs_cid_with_cat(content, operation_ids) # Log operation log_entry = { 'timestamp': '2026-02-06T00:00:00Z', 'cid': cid, 'operations': operation_ids, 'content_size': len(content), 'cat_operations_count': len(operation_ids) } self.operation_log.append(log_entry) return { 'cid': cid, 'operations': operation_ids, 'verification_data': { 'content_hash': hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest(), 'cat_results': [self.ipfs.execute_operation(op_id).to_hex() for op_id in operation_ids] } } def create_ipfs_bitcoin_bridge(self, ipfs_cid: str, covenant_spec: CovenantSpec) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Create bridge between IPFS content and Bitcoin covenant.""" # Link IPFS reference to covenant covenant_spec.ipfs_reference = ipfs_cid # Create covenant script script = self.bitcoin.create_covenant_script(covenant_spec) return { 'covenant_id': covenant_spec.covenant_id, 'ipfs_cid': ipfs_cid, 'bitcoin_script': script, 'validation_endpoint': f"/validate/{covenant_spec.covenant_id}", 'bridge_config': { 'cat_operations': covenant_spec.cat_constraints, 'spending_conditions': covenant_spec.spending_conditions } } # Configuration templates for common OP_CAT patterns OPCAT_TEMPLATES = { "content_addressing": { "type": "content_concat", "elements": ["content_hash", "nonce"], "element_types": ["hash", "byte_data"] }, "merkle_proof": { "type": "merkle_proof", "elements": ["leaf_hash", "sibling_hash", "root_hash"], "element_types": ["hash", "hash", "hash"] }, "covenant_binding": { "type": "covenant_binding", "elements": ["tx_hash", "constraint_data"], "element_types": ["hash", "script"] } } # Example usage and test cases def test_architecture(): """Test the Starlight OP_CAT architecture.""" # Initialize architecture starlight = StarlightArchitecture() # Test content processing test_content = b"Hello, Starlight OP_CAT Integration!" operations_config = { "operations": [ { "id": "test_concat", "type": "content_concat", "elements": [test_content.hex(), "deadbeef"], "element_types": ["byte_data", "byte_data"] } ] } result = starlight.process_content_with_opcat(test_content, operations_config) # Test covenant creation covenant = CovenantSpec( covenant_id="test_vault", spending_conditions={"expected_hash": result['verification_data']['content_hash']}, cat_constraints=["test_concat"], validation_script="OP_CHECKSIG" ) bridge = starlight.create_ipfs_bitcoin_bridge(result['cid'], covenant) return { "content_processing": result, "bitcoin_bridge": bridge, "success": True } if __name__ == "__main__": # Run test test_result = test_architecture() print(json.dumps(test_result, indent=2))