#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Rollup and Layer-2 Solutions Analysis Bitcoin rollups and micro-transaction protocols """ import json import hashlib import math from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Any, Tuple from dataclasses import dataclass from datetime import datetime @dataclass class RollupTransaction: """Rollup transaction model""" tx_id: str from_address: str to_address: str amount: int fee: int batch_id: Optional[str] = None @dataclass class RollupBatch: """Rollup batch for aggregation""" batch_id: str transactions: List[RollupTransaction] total_amount: int total_fees: int timestamp: datetime merkle_root: str class BitcoinRollupAnalyzer: """Analyzes Bitcoin rollup solutions for dust elimination""" def __init__(self): self.dust_limit = 546 self.batches = {} self.rollup_types = ["zk", "optimistic", "validium"] def create_micro_transaction(self, from_addr: str, to_addr: str, amount: int) -> RollupTransaction: """Create micro-transaction for rollup processing""" # Micro-transactions can be below dust limit in rollup fee = max(1, amount // 1000) # Minimal fee tx = RollupTransaction( tx_id=hashlib.sha256(f"{from_addr}{to_addr}{amount}{datetime.now()}".encode()).hexdigest()[:16], from_address=from_addr, to_address=to_addr, amount=amount, fee=fee ) return tx def create_batch(self, transactions: List[RollupTransaction]) -> RollupBatch: """Create rollup batch from micro-transactions""" batch_id = hashlib.sha256( f"{len(transactions)}_{datetime.now()}".encode() ).hexdigest()[:16] total_amount = sum(tx.amount for tx in transactions) total_fees = sum(tx.fee for tx in transactions) # Calculate merkle root tx_hashes = [tx.tx_id for tx in transactions] merkle_root = self.calculate_merkle_root(tx_hashes) batch = RollupBatch( batch_id=batch_id, transactions=transactions, total_amount=total_amount, total_fees=total_fees, timestamp=datetime.now(), merkle_root=merkle_root ) # Assign batch ID to transactions for tx in transactions: tx.batch_id = batch_id self.batches[batch_id] = batch return batch def calculate_merkle_root(self, hashes: List[str]) -> str: """Calculate merkle root for batch""" if not hashes: return "" current_level = hashes.copy() while len(current_level) > 1: next_level = [] for i in range(0, len(current_level), 2): if i + 1 < len(current_level): combined = current_level[i] + current_level[i + 1] else: combined = current_level[i] + current_level[i] # Duplicate odd next_level.append(hashlib.sha256(combined.encode()).hexdigest()) current_level = next_level return current_level[0] def analyze_dust_elimination(self, batch: RollupBatch) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Analyze dust elimination in rollup batch""" dust_txs = [tx for tx in batch.transactions if tx.amount <= self.dust_limit] non_dust_txs = [tx for tx in batch.transactions if tx.amount > self.dust_limit] total_dust_amount = sum(tx.amount for tx in dust_txs) total_non_dust_amount = sum(tx.amount for tx in non_dust_txs) # Calculate efficiency on_chain_txs_needed = math.ceil(len(batch.transactions) / 10) # Assume 10 txs per batch on_chain_cost = on_chain_txs_needed * 1000 # Estimated cost per tx total_fees = batch.total_fees efficiency = (total_fees - on_chain_cost) / total_fees if total_fees > 0 else 0 return { "batch_id": batch.batch_id, "total_transactions": len(batch.transactions), "dust_transactions": len(dust_txs), "non_dust_transactions": len(non_dust_txs), "total_dust_amount": total_dust_amount, "total_non_dust_amount": total_non_dust_amount, "dust_elimination_rate": (len(dust_txs) / len(batch.transactions)) * 100, "fee_efficiency": efficiency * 100, "on_chain_savings": on_chain_cost - total_fees } def model_validium_solution(self, transactions: List[RollupTransaction]) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Model validium solution for micro-transactions""" # Validium stores data off-chain, only availability proofs on-chain batch = self.create_batch(transactions) # Calculate on-chain footprint proof_size = 200 # SNARK proof size data_availability_cost = len(transactions) * 10 # Off-chain storage return { "rollup_type": "validium", "batch_id": batch.batch_id, "transactions_processed": len(transactions), "on_chain_proof_size": proof_size, "off_chain_data_cost": data_availability_cost, "dust_elimination": "complete", "micro_tx_support": True, "cost_per_tx": (proof_size + data_availability_cost) / len(transactions) } class StateChannelManager: """Manages state channels for micro-transactions""" def __init__(self): self.channels = {} self.channel_states = {} def create_state_channel(self, participants: List[str], initial_deposit: int) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Create state channel for micro-transactions""" channel_id = hashlib.sha256( f"{'_'.join(participants)}_{initial_deposit}_{datetime.now()}".encode() ).hexdigest()[:16] # State channels can handle micro-transactions below dust limit min_deposit = 1000 # Lower than on-chain dust if initial_deposit < min_deposit: return {"error": f"Initial deposit must be at least {min_deposit} satoshis"} channel = { "channel_id": channel_id, "participants": participants, "total_deposit": initial_deposit, "balances": {p: initial_deposit // len(participants) for p in participants}, "state_count": 0, "is_active": True, "micro_tx_enabled": True, "min_tx_amount": 1 # Can go as low as 1 satoshi } self.channels[channel_id] = channel self.channel_states[channel_id] = [] return channel def process_micro_transaction(self, channel_id: str, from_participant: str, to_participant: str, amount: int) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Process micro-transaction in state channel""" channel = self.channels.get(channel_id) if not channel: return {"error": "Channel not found"} if from_participant not in channel["participants"]: return {"error": "Sender not in channel"} if to_participant not in channel["participants"]: return {"error": "Receiver not in channel"} # Check balance if channel["balances"][from_participant] < amount: return {"error": "Insufficient balance"} # Process transaction channel["balances"][from_participant] -= amount channel["balances"][to_participant] += amount channel["state_count"] += 1 # Store state state = { "state_number": channel["state_count"], "balances": channel["balances"].copy(), "transaction": { "from": from_participant, "to": to_participant, "amount": amount } } self.channel_states[channel_id].append(state) return { "success": True, "channel_id": channel_id, "state_number": channel["state_count"], "new_balances": channel["balances"], "transaction_amount": amount } def test_rollup_solutions(): """Test rollup and layer-2 solutions""" analyzer = BitcoinRollupAnalyzer() state_manager = StateChannelManager() print("=== Bitcoin Rollup Analysis ===") # Create micro-transactions (including dust) micro_txs = [] participants = ["alice", "bob", "carol", "dave"] for i, sender in enumerate(participants): for j, receiver in enumerate(participants): if i != j: # Create transactions of various sizes, including dust amount = 100 + (i * 50) + (j * 25) if j == 0: # Make some dust transactions amount = 300 tx = analyzer.create_micro_transaction(sender, receiver, amount) micro_txs.append(tx) print(f"Created {len(micro_txs)} micro-transactions") # Create rollup batch batch = analyzer.create_batch(micro_txs) print(f"Created batch {batch.batch_id} with {len(batch.transactions)} transactions") # Analyze dust elimination analysis = analyzer.analyze_dust_elimination(batch) print(f"\n=== Dust Elimination Analysis ===") print(f"Dust Transactions: {analysis['dust_transactions']}") print(f"Total Dust Amount: {analysis['total_dust_amount']} satoshis") print(f"Dust Elimination Rate: {analysis['dust_elimination_rate']:.2f}%") print(f"Fee Efficiency: {analysis['fee_efficiency']:.2f}%") # Model validium solution validium = analyzer.model_validium_solution(micro_txs) print(f"\n=== Validium Solution ===") print(f"Rollup Type: {validium['rollup_type']}") print(f"Micro-transaction Support: {validium['micro_tx_support']}") print(f"Cost per Transaction: {validium['cost_per_tx']:.2f} satoshis") # Test state channels print(f"\n=== State Channel Analysis ===") state_channel = state_manager.create_state_channel(participants, 10000) if "error" not in state_channel: print(f"State Channel Created: {state_channel['channel_id']}") print(f"Micro-transaction Min Amount: {state_channel['min_tx_amount']} satoshis") # Process micro-transactions micro_tx_result = state_manager.process_micro_transaction( state_channel['channel_id'], "alice", "bob", 50 ) print(f"Micro-transaction Success: {micro_tx_result.get('success', False)}") print(f"Transaction Amount: {micro_tx_result.get('transaction_amount', 0)} satoshis") return True if __name__ == "__main__": test_rollup_solutions()